Breastfed Baby Gained 1.125 Lb in 2 Weeks
Having a baby: Stages of pregnancy past trimester
For a pregnant person, feeling a new life developing inside your body is an astonishing feel, even though you lot may not e'er feel your best during all the stages of pregnancy. Ane of the biggest changes for most pregnant people is weight gain — a significant person conveying i baby should gain between 11 and 40 lbs. (five to xviii kilograms) by the finish of the pregnancy, depending on pre-pregnancy weight, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
But there are many other changes too, and exactly how pregnancy affects the body can be very unlike from person to person, and even for the same mother from one pregnancy to the next. Some symptoms of pregnancy concluding for several weeks or months, while other discomforts are temporary or don't affect anybody the same way.
"Pregnancy is a long, 10-month journey," said Dr. Draion Burch, an obstetrician and gynecologist at Magee Womens Infirmary at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.
A normal pregnancy usually lasts about forty weeks, counting from the first day of the last menstrual period, which is around 2 weeks before formulation really occurs. Pregnancy is divided into three trimesters, each lasting between 12 and 13 weeks. During each trimester, changes take place in a pregnant person'south body every bit well as in the developing fetus.
Some medical experts suggest that mothers and doctors should also recognize a "fourth trimester," which is the 12-calendar week period after birth in which babies are adjusting to life outside the womb and women are coping with motherhood and on-going changes in their bodies, according to a newspaper published in July 2017 in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Conception & implantation
About two weeks after a period, ovulation occurs, during which the ovaries release typically one egg, but sometimes two or more eggs. The egg or eggs can be fertilized past a sperm prison cell 12 to 24 hours after release, as the egg travels down the fallopian tube toward the uterus.
The sex of the fetus is determined at the time of fertilization, or conception, and depends on whether the egg receives an Ten or Y chromosome from a sperm cell. If the egg receives an Ten chromosome, the baby will be a girl; a Y chromosome means the baby will be a boy.
According to the Cleveland Dispensary, it takes about three to 4 days for the fertilized egg (or embryo) to motion to the lining of the uterus, where it attaches or implants to the uterine wall. Once the embryo is implanted, the cells start to grow, eventually becoming the fetus and the placenta, which is tissue that attaches to the lining of the uterus. The placenta transports oxygen, nutrients and hormones from the mother's blood to the developing fetus via the umbilical cord throughout pregnancy.
First trimester, weeks 1-12
Kickoff trimester changes in the mother:
Meaning people volition experience a lot of symptoms during the first trimester as the body adjusts to the hormonal changes of pregnancy. In the early weeks, the pregnancy may not be showing much on the outside of her body, but inside many changes are taking place.
Related: Am I pregnant? 12 early signs of pregnancy
One of the first changes is the production of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone, which shows up in the claret correct after conception occurs. Levels of hCG tin can exist detected in a significant person'due south urine well-nigh a week after a missed menstruation. Human chorionic gonadotropin is what'south detected in a positive dwelling house pregnancy test.
Rising levels of hCG and other hormones, such equally estrogen, may be responsible for the waves of nausea and airsickness known as morning sickness that's most common during the first few months of pregnancy. Despite its name, morning sickness can occur any fourth dimension of day.
A pregnant person may also feel more tired than usual during the outset trimester, a symptom that'south linked with rising levels of the hormone progesterone, which increases sleepiness.
Early in pregnancy, breasts may feel more tender and swollen, another side outcome of ascent levels of pregnancy hormones. The areolas, the skin around each nipple, will darken and enlarge.
A pregnant person'southward digestive organisation may slow downward to increase the absorption of benign nutrients. But reduced mobility of the digestive system might also trigger such mutual complaints as heartburn, constipation, bloating and gas, according to the Office on Women'south Health (OWH).
Many parts of the body will piece of work harder during pregnancy, including the heart. Heart rate will increment to pump more blood to the uterus, which will supply it to the fetus.
Besides the physical changes, expecting mothers may as well experience emotional highs and lows in the early months of her pregnancy and throughout it. These emotions may range from weepiness, mood swings and forgetfulness, to fright, anxiety and excitement.
Related: Mood swings & mommy encephalon: The emotional challenges of pregnancy
Commencement trimester embryo development:
A developing baby is called an embryo from the moment conception takes place until the eighth week of pregnancy.
During the first calendar month of pregnancy the middle and lungs begin to develop, and the arms, legs, brain, spinal cord and nerves begin to form, according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG).
The embryo will be most the size of a pea around i month into a pregnancy, Burch said. Effectually the 2d month of pregnancy, the embryo has grown to the size of a kidney bean. In addition, the ankles, wrists, fingers and eyelids form, bones appear, and the genitals and inner ear begin to develop.
Later the eighth week of pregnancy and until birth occurs, a developing baby is chosen a fetus.
By the end of the second calendar month, well-nigh of the fetus' chief organs will have formed, Burch said. At this stage of pregnancy, he stressed, information technology's extremely important that meaning women do non take harmful medications, such as illegal drugs. The first trimester is also the flow when most miscarriages and nascence defects occur. Between 10% and 20% of known pregnancies stop in miscarriages, mostly because the fetus is not developing normally, according to the Mayo Clinic. Studies have found the risk of miscarriage drops significantly after the twelfth calendar week of pregnancy.
Equally early as the 10th week of pregnancy, a significant person may opt to accept a noninvasive prenatal examination (NIPT). This testing uses a blood sample from the female parent to clarify DNA from the fetus to help determine the risk of the baby existence born with certain genetic abnormalities, according to MedlinePlus. The mother tin can also detect out the sexual activity of the baby at this time, also through providing a blood sample that analyzes fetal DNA. None of these tests come up in contact with or cause any harm to the fetus.
During the tertiary calendar month of pregnancy, the fetus' basic and muscles brainstorm to grow, buds for time to come teeth appear, and fingers and toes grow. The intestines begin to course and the skin is almost transparent.
2nd trimester, weeks 13-27
Second trimester changes in the mother:
By the 2nd trimester, some of the unpleasant effects of early pregnancy may lessen or disappear as the body adjusts to its changing hormone levels. Sleeping may get easier and energy levels may increase.
Nausea and vomiting usually become better and go away, Burch told Alive Science. But other symptoms may ingather up every bit the fetus continues its growth and development.
Pregnant people will start to experience more pelvic pressure, Burch said, adding that the pelvis feels heavy like something is weighing it down.
A more visible babe bump appears every bit the uterus grows beyond the pelvis, and the skin over the expanding belly may crawling every bit it stretches, according to the OWH.
Every bit the fetus is getting bigger and the mother is gaining more pregnancy weight in the front of her trunk, she may also experience more back hurting, Burch said. A 2020 study published in the Journal of Personalized Medicine found that while nearly significant people experienced back hurting, it was worse in those who were not physically active.
Sometime betwixt the 16th and 18th weeks of pregnancy, a first-time mother may feel the kickoff fluttering movements of the fetus, known as quickening, Burch said. Information technology it isn't the first pregnancy, the female parent is probable to feel the fetus kicking, squirming or turning even sooner because she knows what to wait, he said.
The 20th week usually marks the halfway point of pregnancy. From about 20 weeks, information technology is possible to develop preeclampsia, a condition characterized by high-blood pressure, according to the Mayo Dispensary. If left untreated, the condition can lead to serious, even fatal, complications for mother and baby. Other symptoms include rapid weight gain and swelling.
Burch encourages his patients to take a "baby-moon" — a mini-vacation or weekend getaway — during the second trimester, and he said the best fourth dimension to become away is around the 28th calendar week of pregnancy. Expecting mothers are by and large feeling pretty good at this bespeak, and in that location'south a lower risk of miscarriage and premature labor. A study published in 2020 in the periodical PLOS I, found that for hundreds of thousands of babies, their mother'due south airplane travel had no adverse effects on the baby's nativity weight or gestational age. Nevertheless, some health professionals and airlines may discourage airplane travel after the 36th week because at that time birth could be just around the corner.
Second trimester fetal development:
In the second trimester, the fetus will be between iii and v inches (7 and 12 centimeters) long, Burch said. Sometime between 18 and 22 weeks, an ultrasound may reveal the sex of the baby, if parents want to know this data in advance.
Related: Am I having a boy or girl? Ultrasound and sex prediction
By the fourth month of pregnancy the fetus' eyebrows, eyelashes, fingernails and the neck course, and the pare has a wrinkled advent. In addition, during the fourth month the arms and legs can bend, the kidneys get-go working and can produce urine, and the fetus can consume and hear, co-ordinate to the ACOG.
In the fifth month of pregnancy, the fetus is more agile and the mother may exist able to feel its movements. The fetus also sleeps and wakes on regular cycles. A fine pilus (called lanugo) and a waxy coating (called vernix) cover and protect the sparse fetal skin.
By the 6th month of pregnancy, hair begins to grow, the eyes begin to open up and the brain is rapidly developing. Although the lungs are completely formed, they don't yet function.
Third trimester, weeks 28-40
Tertiary trimester changes in the mother:
During the 3rd trimester, as the mother's enlarged uterus pushes against her diaphragm, a major muscle involved in breathing. Because of this, she may experience short of breath considering the lungs take less room to aggrandize, co-ordinate to Johns Hopkins Medicine. A pregnant person'southward ankles, easily, anxiety and face may swell due to fluid retention and slower claret circulation.
A female parent-to-be volition need to urinate more than oft because of the pressure on her bladder. She may also accept more backaches and more pain in the hips and pelvis, as these joints expand in preparation for delivery. Changes in body shape can also make a significant person more unstable on their feet and more than likely to fall, according to a 2006 report published in the American Periodical of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Her face may develop night patches of skin, and stretch marks may announced on her belly, thighs, breasts and behind. She may also notice varicose veins on her legs.
In the tertiary trimester, the breasts may first to leak colostrum, a yellow liquid, as they get ready for breastfeeding, according to the OWH. The baby will showtime to drop lower in the mother'southward abdomen.
False labor, known as Braxton-Hicks contractions, may begin to occur as the due engagement gets closer. A "nesting instinct," behavior exhibited in many mammals, may kicking in as expecting parents piece of work on baby-proofing their home, store for babe items, prepare the plant nursery and expect their new arrival.
Related: Signs of labor: vi clues babe is coming soon
During the last weeks of pregnancy, it will become harder to find a comfortable sleeping position, adding to the increased levels of fatigue, Burch said.
3rd trimester fetal development:
Past the 7th month of pregnancy, the fetus kicks and stretches, and tin fifty-fifty respond to lite and audio, Burch said. Its optics tin too open and close.
During the eighth and ninth months of pregnancy, the fetus gains weight very quickly. Bones harden, but the skull remains soft and flexible so the caput tin fit through the birth culvert. Unlike regions of the brain are forming, and the fetus is able to hiccup, according to ACOG.
The ninth month is the domicile stretch of pregnancy, and the fetus is getting ready for birth by turning into a caput-downwards position in the female parent's pelvis. The lungs are now fully mature and ready to office on their own.
The definition of a full-term pregnancy is when a baby is born after 39 to 40 weeks (information technology used to be 37 weeks), Burch said. This is because babies built-in at full-term had lower risks of bug with breathing, feeding and regulating their temperature than those born before, according to the National Institutes of Health.
Fourth trimester, postal service-birth
The period called the "quaternary trimester" begins equally before long every bit nascence is over. While this can be a joyful and heady time for well-nigh new parents, it tin also exist extremely challenging and stressful.
In the weeks and months afterward the baby is built-in, the mother'due south body continues to get through major changes every bit it heals and recovers from pregnancy and nascency. At the same time, the mother must grapple with the physical and emotional challenges of feeding and caring for a newborn, Dr. Ilona T. Goldfarb, a maternal health specialist, wrote for the Harvard Health Blog. "Women and their families experience substantial physiological, social and emotional changes," during this time, Goldfarb wrote.
Despite the standing changes and challenges that occur after childbirth, most mothers visit their obstetrician merely once in the weeks after birth. Many health experts agree that this lack of attention to maternal wellness in the fourth trimester is concerning, specially considering that more than half of pregnancy-related deaths occur after the nativity of the child, according to a 2018 study from the ACOG.
Fortunately, several of these experts are putting force per unit area on the healthcare community to provide more comprehensive postpartum intendance. Goldfarb recommends pregnant people come up with a postpartum program to help anticipate difficulties and how to deal with them as they pop upward. She also recommends mothers speak with their obstetrician to learn more about the kind of postpartum resources they accept.
Additional resource
- Mayo Clinic: Pregnancy Week by Week
- Function on Women'southward Health: Stages of Pregnancy
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists: Postpartum Depression FAQs
This article is for advisory purposes only, and is not meant to offer medical advice. This article was updated on June xiv, 2021 by Live Science contributor Sarah Wild.
Source: https://www.livescience.com/44899-stages-of-pregnancy.html
0 Response to "Breastfed Baby Gained 1.125 Lb in 2 Weeks"
Post a Comment